A tunable coplanar patch antenna, a polymer mems based tunable bandpass filter, and a chipinpolymer packaging technology except where reference is made to the work of others, the work described in this thesis is my own or was done in collaboration with my advisory committee. Next well consider more aspects involved in patch microstrip antennas. The antenna is feed at the center of a circular patch with a ring slot. A tunable metamaterial in integrated circuit structures is investigated through an example of a microstrip patch antenna on a mushroomtype electromagnetic bandgap ebg structure. Part of theamerican studies commons this thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the graduate school at scholar commons. Antennas research electromagnetics research group emrg. A reconfigurable antenna is an antenna capable of modifying its frequency and radiation properties dynamically, in a controlled and reversible manner. Novel miniature printed monopole antenna with dual tunable band notched. Many interesting approaches for the design of tunable antennas were presented. Design and characterization of a tunable patch antenna loaded. The antenna consists of two stacked substrates and three metal layers. Normalized radiation pattern for microstrip patch antenna. A tunable microstrip patch antenna with switchable. Their low profile design, often square or rectangular, allows them to be mounted to flat surfaces.
This proposed design has a simple structure and a compact dimension of 24. Patch antenna and method for impedance, frequency and pattern tuning. Tunable and electronically steerable microstrip antenna tunable and electronically steerable microstrip antenna jose, k. It shows that this antenna realizes 370mhz tunable range, from 1. Tunable miniaturized rf devices on magnetodielectric. Langley a microstrip patch antenna operating in the 5 ghz range and tuned by liquid crystal lc is described. The other patch is a parasitic one of tunable electrical size for beam scanning. In this letter, we propose a tunable patch antenna made of a slotted rectangular patch loaded by a number of posts close to the patch edge. As mentioned earlier, graphene is a monolayer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure. Reconfigurable stacked microstrip patch antenna for multi. Reconfigurable antennas may be designed to provide tunable frequency bands, dynamically alter their polarizations, or have variable radiation patterns. Circularly polarized beamscanning microstrip antenna using a. The tunable patch antenna configurations are becoming popular and attractive in many aspects.
In this paper, we propose a novel reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna having frequency and. The tunable in frequency, bandwidth, and radiation pattern is achieved by loading the antenna cpw on which rfmems capacitive switches are placed. Design modifications directed toward bandwidth expansion generally yield 10% to 40% bandwidth. Smart tunable antennas support more bandwidth and bands, minimize antenna size, and reduce user interference. Sdr reconfigurable antenna, wlan antenna, tunable microstrip patch antenna. The measured radiation patterns of the antenna for capacitor. Pdf ultra wideband uwb microstrip patch antenna with. This paper presents a novel lowprofile high gain frequency reconfigurable patch antenna with unidirectional radiation pattern by using a gridslotted patch with tunable varactors loading. Rf mems switches are also used by huff and bernhard 6 to recon. Parasitic circular patch antenna with continuously tunable.
To have a better understanding, consider the following figure, which represents the radiation pattern of a dipole antenna. This paper presents a novel tunable frequency microstrip patch antennausingtherfmemstechnology. A lowprofile frequency reconfigurable gridslotted patch antenna. Typical half wave patches have efficiencies well above 90%. Introduction an adaptive antenna array is a geometrical combination of antenna elements that are dynamically driven via analog. Selfstructuring antenna system with switchable antenna array and an optimizing controller. As an example or research done in this area from our group, a reconfigurable patch antenna array is shown below 1.
A widely tunable compact patch antenna request pdf. Microstrip patch antennas on tunable electromagnetic. Pdf pattern controlled and frequency tunable microstrip. Theoretical simulations and experiments showed the significant advantages of such antenna. We propose a reconfigurable design of a metamaterialinspired microstrip patch antenna, capable of tuning the frequency spectrum. The fields are linearly polarized, and in the horizontal direction when viewing the microstrip antenna as in figure 1a well see why in the next section. Circularly polarized beamscanning microstrip antenna. Finally, the design of the phased array is applied to a gnss user receiver in a realistic railway environment. Design of tunable frequency bandwidth enhanced circular patch antenna by varying air gap. Pattern controlled and frequency tunable microstrip antenna loaded with multiple split ring resonators abstract. Characterisation of tunable graphene antenna sciencedirect.
The fundamental characteristics of tunable microstrip disk patch antenna with operated shortingvias were studied. Electrical engineering, polytechnic university of catalonia, 2014 a thesis submitted to the graduate faculty of the university of colorado colorado springs in partial ful. A depiction of the tunable antenna system can be seen in. Abstracta tunable metamaterial in integrated circuit structures is investigated through an example of a microstrip patch antenna on a mushroomtype electromagnetic bandgap ebg structure. The entire antenna geometry including the feed network measures 16mm x 16mm x 4mm with a patch radiator measuring only 10mm x 5mm. Tunable hshaped microstrip antenna with dual feeding. Index terms adaptive arrays, field patterns, impatt diode, microstrip patch antennas, smart antennas, tunable antennas, tunable impedance i. Frequency reconfiguration is generally achieved by physical or electrical modifications to the antenna dimensions using rfswitches, impedance loading or tunable materials. The integration of monolithic microwave circuits and antennas are becoming easy today. Uda principle 3 and tunable parasitic patch size method presented in ref. May 09, 2000 for antenna 20, which has a square patch that is a special case of a rectangular patch, the patch 24 generates a linearly polarized pattern with the polarization aligned with the yaxis. This letter presents a novel ultrawideband uwb antenna with tunable notched band.
A gridslotted patch with two tunable varactors is placed on the top layer, a microstrip line is placed in the middle of two substrates. Tunable disk patch antenna ieee conference publication. A slot antenna utilizing shunt switches 1, a tunable small patch antenna able to switch between 800 mhz and 900 mhz using variable capacitors and transistors 2, by loading a slot antenna with two lumped variable capacitors. Frequencytunable microstrip antennas, for cognitive radio applications, are proposed herein. These magnetic antenna show great promise for achieving selfbiased miniaturised patch antennas on magnetoelectric substrate with signi.
Tunable handset antenna for lte global roaming band 2. This can be understood by visualizing the antenna 20 as a resonant cavity 30 formed by the ground plane 22 and the patch 24 with open side walls as shown in fig. The series varactor tuned patch antenna configuration was the bandwidth enhancement. For antenna 20, which has a square patch that is a special case of a rectangular patch, the patch 24. With the maturity of the rf switch and tunable capacitor, tunable antennas have become a reality on mobile terminals. Each probe excites one of the two fundamental modes of the antenna which are linearly polarized and orthogonal to each other. The pattern reconfigurable metasurfaced parms antenna is composed of a planar semicircular ms placed directly atop of a planar circular patch antenna with a diameter of 70 mm 1. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda.
Us5943016a tunable microstrip patch antenna and feed. Pdf study of electronically tunable circular patch antenna. Located at the far edge of the patch antenna the edge opposite the feedline, a shunt impatt diode is assumed to be tuned to r 1. The triangular regions are separately excited using a coaxial feed to achieve frequency and pattern. A compact single layer coaxial probefed microstrip antenna with frequency. Losses in the commercially available lc material at these frequencies give rise to antenna. Electrically tunable miniaturized bandstop frequency. Frequency tunable microstrip patch antenna using rf mems technology. Design of tunable frequency bandwidth enhanced circular patch. The antenna is a microstrip yagiuda antenna consisting of two similar square patches. Additional benefits of patch antennas is that they are easily fabricated making them cost effective. The integration of an open loop resonator olr based adjustable bandpass filter into a wideband antenna to transform it into a tunable filterantenna is presented. The reflection coefficient for both antennas are below 10 db. A lowprofile frequency reconfigurable gridslotted patch.
The design of a frequency reconfigurable dualband hshaped microstrip antenna fed by two coaxial probes is presented. A reconfigurable microstrip cross parasitic antenna with. Results show that the novel antenna has a tuning range of 3. This antenna has an omnidirectional radiation pattern and a maximum. Frequency reconfigurable microstrip patchslot antenna. At the same time, the shape of the h radiation pattern is nearly omnidirectional at those chosen frequency points. The united states of america as represented by the secretary of the air force. The tunable antenna as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a platform ground, wherein the platform ground is at least one of a fuselage, a wing, or a pod of an aircraft. Frequency tunable printed antenna with 90% size reduction for. The simulated tuning range is 8% while the measurements showed a range of 4%. A reconfigurable antenna is an antenna capable of modifying its frequency and radiation. A tunable antenna our group has worked on is a pixelated dualband folded monopole 6.
Fundamental specifications of patch antennas radiation pattern a patch antenna radiates power in certain directions and we say that the antenna has directivity usually expressed in dbi. To show the versatility of full tunability, a tunable microstrip patch antenna is designed to operate at 60ghz that uses a tunable impedance element capable of realtime changes to its resistance and reactance values. The designed antenna will be applicable to cband longdistance radio telecommunications. Reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna for wlan software defined. Performance enhanced miniaturized and electrically tunable. The radiation pattern of the antenna is shown in figure 2 while figure 3 shows the radiation pattern of the antenna with slot in the ground plane. Pdf logperiodic patch antenna with tunable frequency.
Radiation pattern reconfigurability is based on the intentional modification of the spherical distribution of the radiation pattern. Electronically tunable magnetic patch antennas with metal. In this paper, the design and characterization of a tunable patch antenna loaded with complementary split ring resonators csrrs on the patch have been realized. The posts are short circuited to the ground plane via a. Pattern controlled and frequency tunable microstrip. The proposed tunable patch antenna based on graphene has been designed and investigated.
The important feature of the tunable microstrip patch antenna presented here is that it is suitable for fabrication using proven printed circuit processing techniques such. Patch antenna and method for tuning a patch antenna us6198438b1 en 19991004. Secondly, fixed radiation pattern antenna frpa, and controlled radiation pattern antenna crpa phased array configurations of miniaturized patch antennas are studied. A novel frequencytunable antenna with a wide tuning range. Microstrip patch antennas on tunable electromagnetic band. Pattern controlled and frequency tunable microstrip antenna. The basics of patch antennas, updated orban microwave. Tunable patch antenna using semiconductor and nanoscale. Graphenebased patch antenna tunable in the three atmospheric. An active highimpedance surface for lowprofile tunable.
Frequency reconfigurable microstrip patchslot antenna with. The element factor ofa single patch antenna is expressed as equation 5. B single patch antenna, c 2x2 5 ghz array connected with hard shorts, d 2x2 5 ghz array connect with rf shorts 3pf capacitors, and e ansys hfss simulated reflection coefficients for all four structures. Optically tunable microwave antennas for 5g applications. Telecommunication engineering, polytechnic university of catalonia, 20 b. Wideband, multiband, tunable, and smart antenna systems. The rotational symmetry of the antenna helps maintain the impedance and radiation pattern at different polarization angles.
The tunable antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switch comprises at least one of a microelectromechanical system, a pin, or a transistor. To design a smaller patch antenna, a cost function was created for the optimizer to maintain the bandwidth and resonance frequency of the baseline antenna with a tunable element enabled. The patch antenna is designed as a halfwavelength resonator of an ebg loaded microstrip transmission line. Frequency tunable microstrip patch antenna using rf mems. A tunable microstrip patch antenna with switchable polarization. The tunable parasitic element excited by coaxial feeding shows dual. This article presents the design of a pattern switchable patch antenna for vehicular applications.
A brief detail of simulation results is tabulated in table 2. However, in both the antennas, variations of radiation patterns at di. Design and characterization of a tunable patch antenna. For n3 and m3 in this paper, the array factor can be written as equation 2. Design and characterization of a tunable patch antenna loaded with. A novel memsbased frequency tunable rectangular patch. An omnidirectional microstrip patch antenna, capable of reconfiguring both polarisation and radiation pattern is proposed. The patch antenna radiation pattern is confined from zero to 180. Reconfigurable antennas differ from tunable antennas as they modify behavior within a discrete, and not continuous, range and tend to uses switches. A tunable, or active, antenna with improved efficiency needs less transmission power from the phones amplifier and saves battery life, shamblin says. In addition, it was recently demonstrated that patch antennas on a self biased ferritedielectric composite substrate showed a miniaturisation factor of 5, a 600% enhanced bandwidth and a high ef. The approach is based on tuning the operating frequency of a bandpass filter that is incorporated into a wideband antenna. The antenna is symmetrically loaded with four varactor diodes to simultaneously tune these two modes.
However, patch antennas receivetransmit signals over a very narrow bandwidth typically a maximum of 3% bandwidth. Silicon samples can be seen in the slot and an optical fibre is being held in place over one sample for tuning. Tunable and electronically steerable microstrip antenna. Microstrip patch antennas or simply patch antenna are increasingly useful because the antenna is printed directly onto a circuit board.
Thestructureconsistsofapatch antenna loaded with a coplanar waveguide cpw loading section attached to the antenna. In this paper, frequency reconfigurable slotpatch antenna with reflector at the back of. Pdf differentiallyfed aperturecoupled magnetoelectric. In order to provide a dynamic response, reconfigurable antennas integrate an inner mechanism such as rf switches, varactors, mechanical actuators or tunable materials that enable the intentional redistribution of the rf currents over the. If diode 1 is turned on but diodes 2 and 3 are off, the current can flow through the diode, and the current path. Pattern controlled and frequency tunable microstrip antenna loaded. We propose a reconfigurable design of a metamaterialinspired microstrip patch antenna, capable of tuning the frequency spectrum and beam radiation. To achieve tunable resonant frequency, bandwidth and radiation pattern, the antenna is further loaded with coplanar waveguide cpw on which microelectromechanical system mems. We can observe in this normalized model that the focus of the main beam is perpendicular to the plane of antenna, which should be aligned with the axis of the array for best results.
Design of a frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna for. In order to provide a dynamic response, reconfigurable antennas integrate an inner mechanism such as rf switches, varactors, mechanical actuators or tunable materials that enable the. Patch antennas are fundamental elements in many microwave communications systems. As predicted, the radiation pattern for the microstrip patch antenna is directional in pattern. Radiation pattern the patchs radiation at the fringing fields results in a certain far field radiation pattern. The array factor of five patch antennas is derived from the m by n planar array formulation as equation 1 5. In the representation of radiation pattern, we often come across different shapes, which indicate the major and minor radiation areas, by which the radiation efficiency of the antenna is known. The proposed pattern controlled and frequency tunable metamaterial antenna demonstrates efficient reconfigurable reflection coefficient, radiation pattern and current density performance. Evaluating the robustness of tunable adaptive antenna arrays. The patch antenna is a directional antenna whose typical field pattern is illustrated in fig. The proposed pattern controlled and frequency tunable metamaterial antenna demonstrates efficient reconfigurable reflection coefficient, radiation pattern, and current density performance. Patch antennas loaded with different resonator elements by ignacio moreno barreiro b. The directivity of patch antennas is approximately 57 db.
A fluidically tunable, dualband patch antenna with closely. The proposed antenna has a square patch that is divided into four triangular regions using diagonal rows of vias. Tunable antenna solutions are increasingly being used to enhance the radio performance of mobile handheld devices. Tunable patch antenna using semiconductor and nanoscale barium strontium titanate varactors samuel andrew baylis university of south florida follow this and additional works at. Tunable microstrip patch antenna and control system therefor ep1014487a1 en 19981223. The designed switchable ebgpatch antenna is fabricated and tested. Design of frequency and polarization tunable microstrip antenna. This thesis does not include proprietary or classified information. Tunable microstrip patch antenna and control system therefor. Antenna dualband frequencies, gain, efficiency, and radiation patterns are characterized.
Frequencytunable narrowband laddershape microstrip patch. Tunable miniaturized rf devices on magnetodielectric substrates with enhanced performance a dissertation presented by guomin yang to the department of electrical and computer engineering in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy in electrical engineering northeastern university. Tunability of an areaefficient microstrip patch antenna. This was mainly due to the advent of ferrite thin film technology and tunable substrate materials. Tunable microstrip patch antenna and control system. Feb 28, 2018 pattern controlled and frequency tunable microstrip antenna loaded with multiple split ring resonators abstract. Frequencytunable and pattern diversity antennas for. One patch is driven with two orthogonal feeds for a cp wave excitation. A continuously tunable antenna is proposed in the approach 21, where a single pin diode and varactor are used. Mechanically pattern reconfigurable antenna using metasurface. This paper uses the vector network analyzer to test the s parameter of the fabricated antenna. To achieve tunable resonant frequency, bandwidth and radiation pattern, the antenna is further loaded with coplanar waveguide cpw on which microelectromechanical system mems capacitive switches are placed periodically.
A planar parasitic array antenna for tunable radiation pattern. This antenna provides a good matching in relatively wide band and it allows choosing the type of pattern characteristic. A microstrip patch antenna is an attractive candidate to provide reconfigurability with low profile, light weight, conformability, and easy fabrication properties 2. Tunability of an areaefficient microstrip patch antenna at 60ghz. If the antenna had a 100% radiation efficiency, all directivity would be converted to gain. Patch antennas on ferrites substrates showed tunable radiation frequency, polarisation diversity, and beam steering. While the substrate of the antenna is kapton polyimide film with a thickness of 75. A radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna designed using metasurface ms is proposed in this study. Tunable srrbased substrate for a microstrip patch antenna.
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